Stainless Steel or Brass for Die Cutting Accessories

When you build a collection of die cutting accessories, the material of each shim, plate, and thin die can change how cleanly a cut forms, how long the accessory lasts, and how much pressure reaches the paper or cardstock. Many home crafters reach a point where they compare stainless steel or brass before adding a metal component to their manual or electric die cutting setup.

Metal shims are often used to compensate for worn cutting pads, adjust machine depth, or provide a stable base for intricate dies. The choice between stainless steel and brass is not about finding a single best metal, but about matching the metal’s properties to the job: some projects need extra firmness, others need a softer surface that protects delicate dies, and some users prioritise resistance to moisture or adhesive residue.

This guide compares those two metals for home and small craft business use. It covers how each material behaves in common accessories such as adapter plates, precision shims, embossing plates, and thin metal dies, without repeating step-by-step shim instructions. The goal is to help you understand what stainless steel and brass offer so you can make a confident buying decision.

Quick Answer

Stainless steel is hard, rust-resistant, and long-lasting, making it ideal for shims and plates that need repeated pressure. Brass is softer, more malleable, and slightly self-lubricating, which helps protect delicate dies and reduces wear on some machine parts. Choose stainless steel for firm precision lifts and brass for gentler contact and easier adjustment.

Why Material Choice Matters for Home Die Cutting

Die cutting machines rely on a sandwich of plates, cutting pads, dies, and cardstock passing through a narrow gap under pressure. When the gap is slightly too wide or too narrow, even a small change in thickness can turn a crisp cut into an incomplete one or damage the die. Metal shims exist to fine-tune that gap, and their material determines how evenly pressure is distributed, how quickly the shim changes under load, and how the accessory interacts with the rest of the machine.

Stainless steel and brass are two of the most common metals used in these precision accessories. They are not interchangeable in every situation because they differ in hardness, weight, friction, corrosion behaviour, and cost. Stainless steel tends to feel firmer and more stable, while brass offers a softer contact surface that can absorb small errors in stack height. Understanding these differences helps you avoid common problems such as bent shims, scratched plates, premature die wear, and uneven embossing.

This section looks at general material behaviour rather than specific brand instructions. No matter which machine you use, the same physical principles apply: harder metals resist deformation, softer metals yield slightly, and each has a place in a well-organised craft room.

Stainless Steel in Die Cutting Accessories

Stainless steel is an iron-based alloy that contains chromium, usually at least 10.5% by mass. The chromium forms a thin, invisible oxide layer on the surface, which gives stainless steel its well-known resistance to rust and staining. This property is valuable for die cutting accessories that may be stored in humid craft rooms, handled with damp fingers, or exposed to water-based adhesives and sprays.

In terms of mechanical behaviour, stainless steel is hard and strong. It resists bending, scratching, and permanent deformation under the repeated pressure of a manual or electric die cutting machine. A stainless steel shim kept clean and free from deep scratches can maintain its exact thickness for a long time, which is exactly what you want when a machine needs a consistent lift to compensate for a worn cutting pad or a very thin die.

Because stainless steel is less likely to compress or stretch, it transfers pressure very directly to the material being cut. This can improve the crispness of cuts in dense cardstock, vellum, or multiple layers, but it also means there is less cushioning. If the stack is slightly too thick, a hard stainless steel shim may transfer that extra force to the die and machine rollers rather than absorbing it. For that reason, experienced crafters often use stainless steel in situations where the stack height is already well measured and consistent, such as with a known die-and-pad combination.

Another characteristic worth noting is magnetism. Not all stainless steel is magnetic. Some common stainless alloys used in thin metal sheets are magnetic because they have a ferritic or martensitic crystal structure, while others, such as austenitic stainless steel, are generally non-magnetic. If you rely on a magnetic platform to hold a shim in place, check the product description or test the metal with a magnet before buying. This is not a matter of quality, but of alloy choice.

Common stainless steel accessories in home die cutting include thin precision shims in thicknesses such as 0.1 mm or 0.2 mm, adapter plates that sit between the die and the cutting plate, and sometimes reinforcement strips on cutting pads or embossing plates. Because stainless steel can be produced in very thin, flat sheets, it is suitable for incremental adjustments where a single layer makes a measurable difference.

Benefits of stainless steel accessories:

• High resistance to rust and most common craft chemicals
• Maintains thickness under repeated heavy pressure
• Easy to clean with isopropyl alcohol or mild soap
• Supports very thin, precise shims for fine calibration
• Long lifespan when used within the machine’s recommended stack height

Brass in Die Cutting Accessories

Brass is an alloy made primarily of copper and zinc. The proportions can vary, but most brass used in precision shims and plates has a balance that gives good formability, a smooth surface, and a warm yellow-gold colour. Unlike stainless steel, brass is relatively soft and malleable. It can be bent, shaped, and polished more easily, which is both an advantage and a limitation in die cutting.

One of the most useful properties of brass for craft machines is its low friction. Brass slides against other metal and plastic surfaces with less resistance than many steels, which can reduce wear on cutting plates and machine rollers. This natural lubricity helps a brass shim settle into the stack without catching on the die or scratching clear plates. It also makes brass a popular choice for embossing plates and adapter sheets where a smoother, quieter pass is desirable.

Because brass is softer, it deforms slightly under high pressure. This may sound like a weakness, but it can be beneficial in home die cutting. A brass shim can absorb small excess forces that would otherwise be transferred to a delicate die or a machine gear train. If a stack is accidentally a fraction too thick, the brass may compress or flex just enough to prevent damage to more expensive components. Over time, however, repeated high-pressure use can cause the brass to take on a slight curve or develop surface impressions from the die cutting pattern. Hand-flattening may be possible, but if a brass shim becomes deeply grooved, it should be replaced.

Brass is also corrosion resistant, though not in exactly the same way as stainless steel. It does not rust like ordinary steel, but it can develop a patina or tarnish when exposed to moisture, skin oils, and certain adhesives. This patina is generally cosmetic and does not usually affect function, but if you want the brass to stay bright, occasional polishing with a soft cloth may be needed. Avoid abrasive metal polishes that could remove too much material from a thin shim.

In terms of magnetism, brass is non-magnetic. This can be an advantage when you use a magnetic platform and want a shim to remain stationary without being attracted to the magnet, or when you need a metal that will not interfere with other magnetic components. Many home crafters choose brass shims specifically because they will not stick to magnetic bases, making them easier to pick up from the platform during a busy project.

Common brass accessories include thin shims used for fine height adjustments, embossing plates that need to apply even pressure without cutting, and small adapter plates that protect the die from the hard roller. Brass is less common for cutting edges themselves because it is too soft to hold a sharp cutting edge over many uses, but as a support or cushioning layer it has a valuable role.

Benefits of brass accessories:

• Low friction for smoother passes and reduced plate wear
• Soft contact surface that protects delicate dies and machine parts
• Non-magnetic for easy handling on magnetic platforms
• Can absorb small stack-height errors without cracking
• Easy to drill, shape, or smooth if minor modifications are needed

Stainless Steel or Brass: Direct Comparison

When placed side by side, stainless steel and brass differ mainly in hardness, friction, corrosion behaviour, and cost. The following subsections summarise the practical differences for home die cutting accessories.

Hardness and Deformation

Stainless steel is harder than brass, which means it holds its exact shape longer and resists dents and deep scratches. Brass is softer and more ductile; it can be flattened or re-shaped more easily, but it will also show wear faster under heavy pressure. For a shim that needs to stay perfectly flat for years, stainless steel is generally the better choice. For a shim that needs to yield slightly to protect a vintage die, brass may be preferable.

Corrosion and Maintenance

Both materials resist rust better than ordinary carbon steel, but stainless steel usually requires less maintenance and can be wiped with a damp cloth or alcohol without concern. Brass can tarnish or develop a dark patina; this does not usually impair function but may require occasional polishing. If you live in a humid climate or store accessories in a garage or basement, stainless steel is often the lower-maintenance option.

Pressure Transfer and Die Protection

Stainless steel transfers pressure very directly, which can improve cut crispness but also increases the risk of damaging a delicate die if the stack is too thick. Brass absorbs a small amount of force, acting as a cushion that can prevent cracked dies and worn rollers. In machines with tight tolerances, a brass shim can be more forgiving when you are learning the correct sandwich for a new die.

Cost and Lifespan

Prices vary widely by thickness, size, and alloy, so direct cost comparisons are not reliable without knowing the exact product. In general, stainless steel accessories may cost a little more than comparable brass pieces, but they often last longer under heavy use. Brass accessories may need more frequent replacement if used under high pressure, but their lower friction and die-protective qualities can reduce wear on other, more expensive parts. The total cost of ownership depends on how often you cut and how carefully you build your stacks.

Choosing Between Stainless Steel and Brass for Specific Uses

The best material depends on the accessory type and the task. Below are common scenarios for home crafters.

For Thin Metal Shims and Adapter Plates

Thin shims are typically used to make very small changes in stack height, such as compensating for a slightly worn cutting pad or a thin die. Stainless steel is often preferred here because it maintains its thickness precisely and does not curl at the edges after repeated passes. Brass can also work, but it may gradually thin or deform if the shim is thinner than about 0.1 mm. For ultra-fine adjustments, a flat stainless steel shim is usually more predictable.

For Embossing Plates and Pressure Pads

Embossing requires even pressure without cutting. Brass’s slight give can help create deeper, more uniform embossed impressions on cardstock because it allows the paper fibres to move under pressure without tearing. Stainless steel embossing plates are also available and can produce crisp results, but they may feel harsher and may increase the chance of cutting through thin paper if the stack is too tight. Many home crafters choose brass for embossing plates and use stainless steel only when they need a very firm, flat surface.

For Protecting Delicate Dies

Intricate dies with fine connectors and narrow bridges can crack if subjected to excessive point pressure. A brass adapter plate or shim placed behind the die can absorb some of that stress, reducing the likelihood of metal fatigue. Stainless steel, being harder, does not provide the same cushioning effect. If you frequently cut with vintage or finely detailed dies, adding a brass element to the stack may extend their life.

For Magnetic Platforms and Shim Management

If your machine uses a magnetic base or magnetic shims, the alloy matters. Brass is always non-magnetic, so a brass shim will not stick to a magnetic platform, which can make it easier to lift and reposition. Some stainless steel alloys are magnetic, others are not; checking with a small magnet before purchase is the simplest way to know. For crafters who want a predictable, non-magnetic metal layer, brass is often the safer choice.

For the cutting edges of thin metal dies, hardened steel is the norm, not brass. Brass is too soft to hold a sharp cutting edge through repeated use on cardstock, so it is rarely used for the actual blade portion of a die. When you see brass in a die cutting accessory, it is usually in a shim, plate, or embossing element, not in the cutting die itself.

Care, Durability, and Long-Term Value

Both stainless steel and brass accessories benefit from basic care. Keep them clean, dry, and stored flat to prevent warping. Wipe off paper dust, adhesive residue, and moisture after each session. Stainless steel can be cleaned with isopropyl alcohol or a soft damp cloth. Brass can be wiped with a dry or slightly damp cloth, but avoid harsh chemicals that may strip the surface and accelerate tarnish. If you choose to polish brass, use a product intended for fine metalwork and apply it sparingly.

Durability depends on how the accessory is used within the machine. Even the hardest stainless steel shim can be bent if it is forced through an overly thick stack or dropped on a hard floor. Brass may deform more easily under the same conditions, but it is also less likely to crack and can sometimes be pressed flat again. The key to long life is using the correct sandwich height for your machine and die, which is more about stack management than material selection.

Over the long term, stainless steel tends to have a longer useful life in high-pressure applications because it resists permanent deformation and does not tarnish. Brass may need replacement sooner if used constantly under heavy pressure, but it can save money by reducing wear on cutting pads, rollers, and delicate dies. Consider what you value more: a metal accessory that lasts for years without changing, or one that absorbs extra force and protects other parts of the system.

Final Thoughts on Stainless Steel or Brass

There is no universal winner in the stainless steel or brass debate for die cutting accessories. The right choice depends on your machine, the accessories you already own, and the type of projects you create most often. Stainless steel offers hardness, rust resistance, and precise thickness stability, which is ideal for firm shims and long-lasting adapter plates. Brass offers low friction, slight flexibility, and a protective cushion that can extend the life of delicate dies and machine rollers.

Many experienced home crafters keep both materials on hand. A stainless steel shim can solve a consistent undercutting problem, while a brass shim can solve a stack that is almost right but slightly too tight. By understanding the basic material properties rather than relying on brand claims, you can build a small collection of metal accessories that works across manual and electric die cutting machines without unnecessary waste or damage.

When you next compare products, pay attention to the specific alloy and thickness rather than the metal name alone. A thin brass shim and a thin stainless steel shim can look similar, but they behave differently under pressure. The better accessory is the one that makes your cutting more accurate, quieter, and safer for the tools you already love.

FAQ

Is stainless steel or brass better for a die cutting shim?

Stainless steel is better when you need a hard, consistent, rust-resistant shim that will not deform over time. Brass is better when you need a softer, low-friction shim that can protect delicate dies and absorb small stack-height errors.

Can brass damage my die cutting machine?

Brass is unlikely to damage a die cutting machine when used correctly. Its softer surface and low friction can actually reduce wear on cutting plates and rollers. The main risk is using an overly thick brass shim that forces the machine beyond its recommended gap, which applies to any metal shim.

Will stainless steel shims rust?

Stainless steel shims resist rust and staining much better than ordinary steel because of the chromium oxide layer on the surface. However, they are not completely immune in all conditions. Keeping them dry and wiping off corrosive materials will help them last a long time.

Is brass magnetic?

No, brass is generally non-magnetic. This makes brass shims and plates easy to handle on magnetic platforms and useful when you need a metal layer that will not be attracted to a magnet.

Which material is better for embossing with die cutting machines?

Brass is often preferred for embossing because its slight give helps create evenly deep impressions without tearing paper. Stainless steel can also be used, but it is harder and may produce a crisper impression at the risk of cutting through thin paper if the stack is too tight.

Can I use brass and stainless steel shims together?

Yes, many crafters combine brass and stainless steel shims in the same stack for fine-tuning. As long as the total stack height remains within the machine’s recommended range, using both materials can give you the hardness of stainless steel and the cushioning of brass at the same time.